Vapor Recovery Units (VRUs) are pivotal technologies in the oil refining industry, designed to capture and repurpose volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released during refining operations. These emissions, if left unchecked, can significantly contribute to air pollution and climate change, making VRUs essential for both environmental compliance and corporate responsibility. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the operational principles of VRUs, their integration into refinery processes, and their multifaceted benefits. This abstract underscore’s the critical importance of VRUs in modern oil refining, highlighting their role not only as a technological solution but also as a strategic component of sustainable industrial practices. By effectively integrating VRUs, refineries can navigate the complexities of regulatory compliance, operational efficiency, and environmental stewardship, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable future for the industry.