Unemployment and security challenges are critical issues affecting socio-economic development in Kaura Local Government Area, Kaduna State. This research explores the interconnectedness of these phenomena and their impact on the region's development. Using a descriptive research design, the study examines how unemployment exacerbates security challenges such as banditry, communal violence, and youth militancy, which in turn hinder agricultural productivity, disrupt economic activities, and limit access to essential social services like education, healthcare, and infrastructure. Data was collected in 6 wards randomly selected from the 18 wards in the local government areas. A sample size of 2,556 farmers and youths was selected using the Yaro Yamane formula for determining the sample size. Data were collected using a 35-item, five-point likert scale questionnaire, developed and validated with a reliability index of 0.865. The research questions were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, while regression analysis tested the null hypothesis at a 0.05 significant level. The findings reveal that there is significant difference between the mean unemployment compounded and security challenges on socio-economic development in the area, and that high unemployment rates contribute to youth vulnerability to recruitment by criminal and militant groups, intensifying insecurity, while insecurity in turn, disrupts livelihoods and discourages investment, creating a vicious cycle that undermines socioeconomic progress. The researchers recommends targeted interventions such as job creation programs, improved security measures, and collaborative strategies between government and local communities to address these dual challenges and foster sustainable development in Kaura while addressing the root causes of insecurity through conflict resolution mechanisms, equitable resource distribution, and inclusive governance is critical