The life expectancy of the the elderly continues to increase due to the development of medical science. It may cause the rapidly growing of elderly population. To preserve the cognitive function of the elderly become one of the most important approaches to maintain their quality of life. The present study aimed to identify the contributing factors that will influence the cognitive impairment of the elderly to optimalize the approach to preserve the cognitive function. We conducted the analytic observational study using cross sectional approach. The data was collected from 35 older adults using total sampling technique in Jara Mara Pati Nursing Home, Buleleng, Bali. The cognitive function was measured by the Bahasa Version of MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) questionnaire. Hearing impairment was evaluated by the HHIE-S (Hearing Handicap Inventory for the ElderlyScreening) questionnaire. Edmonton Frail Scale was used to identify the severity of frail. While, the independency was evaluated using the ADL Barthel Index. Ten out of 35 samples (28,6%) have normal cognitive function while the other twenty-five (71,4%) have from cognitive impairment. From the statistical analysis, it can be found that the gender (p = 0,030), former educational level (p = 0,000), hearing impairment (p = 0,022), and independency level (p = 0,033) will influence the cognitive function significantly. Meanwhile, the age (p = 0,465), BMI (p = 0,543), and frailty state (p = 0,101) don’t significantly influence the cognitive function. From this study, there are 25 samples (71,4%) who have cognitive impairment. We found that the gender, former educational level, hearing impairment, and the independency level are statistically significant and contribute to cognitive impairment.